A General Dynamic Equilibrium Model and Business Cycles

Authors

  • Wei-Bin ZHANG Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University

Keywords:

business cycle, periodic shocks, general equilibrium theory, neoclassical growth theory, integrated theory

Abstract

This study generalizes the economic growth model of heterogeneous households proposed by Zhang (2017). Zhang’s model is built on Ricardian theory of distribution, Walrasian general equilibrium theory, and neoclassical growth theory. The heterogeneous-household economy is composed of a consumer goods sector, an agricultural goods sector, and one capital goods sector. Technology, land, population and human capital are exogenous. This paper generalizes Zhang’s model by allowing constant coefficients to be time-dependent. We show the existence of business cycles due to different exogenous oscillatory changes

References

Arrow, K.J. 1974. “General Economic Equilibrium: Purpose, Analytic Techniques, Collective Choice.” American Economic Review 64: 253-72.
Arrow, K.J. and Debreu, G. 1954. “Existence of an Equilibrium for a Competitive Economy.” Econometrica 22: 265–90.
Arrow, K.J. and Hahn, F.H. 1971. “General Competitive Analysis.” San Francisco: Holden-Day, Inc.
Barkai, H. 1959. “Ricardo on Factor Prices and Income Distribution in a Growing Economy.” Economica 26: 240-50.
Barro, R.J. 2001. „Human Capital and Growth.” American Economic Review 91: 12-17.
Bretschger, L. 2013. Population Growth and Natural-Resource Scarcity: Long-Run Development under Seemingful Unfavorable Conditions. The Scandinavian Journal of Economics 115: 722-55.
Burmeister, E. and Dobell, A.R. 1970. Mathematical Theories of Economic Growth. London: Collier Macmillan Publishers.
Chiarella, C. and Flaschel, P. 2000. The Dynamics of Keynesian Monetary Growth: Macro Foundations. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Debreu, G. 1959. Theory of Value. New York: Wiley.
Furuoka, F. 2009. Population Growth and Economic Development: New Empirical Evidence from Thailand. Economics Bulletin 29, 1-14.
Galor, O. and Weil, D. 1999. „From Malthusian Stagnation to Modern Growth.” American Economic Review 89: 150-54.
Gandolfo, G. 2005. Economic Dynamics. Berlin: Springer.
Impicciatore, G., Panaccione, L., and Ruscitti, F. 2012. „Walras’s Theory of Capital Formation: An Intertemporal Equilibrium Reformation.” Journal of Economic Theory 106: 99-118.
Jensen, B.S. and Larsen, M.E. 2005. „General Equilibrium Dynamics of Multi-Sector Growth Models.” Journal of Economics 10: 17-56.
Lorenz, H.W. 1993. Nonlinear Dynamic Economics and Chaotic Motion. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Mas-Colell, A., Whinston, M.D. and Green, J.R. 1995. Microeconomic Theory. New York: Oxford University Press.
Morishima, M. 1989. Ricardo’s Economics - A General Equilibrium Theory of Distribution and Growth. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Negishi, T. 1989. History of Economic Theory. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
Pasinetti, L.L. 1960. “A Mathematical Formulation of the Ricardian System.” Review of Economic Studies 27: 78-98.
Puu, T. 2011. Nonlinear Economic Dynamics. Berlin: Springer.
Shone, R. 2002. Economic Dynamics – Phase Diagrams and Their Economic Application. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Ricardo, D. 1821. The Principles of Political Economy and Taxation, 3rd edition, 1965. London: Everyman’s Library.
Samuelson, P.A. 1959. “A Modern Treatment of the Ricardian Economy: I. The Pricing of Goods and Labor and Land Services.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 73: 1-35.
Stachurski, J., Venditti, A., Yano, M. 2014. Nonlinear Dynamics in Equilibrium Models: Chaos, Cycles and Indeterminacy. Berlin: Springer.
Uzawa, H. 1961. “On a Two-Sector Model of Economic Growth.” Review of Economic Studies 29: 47-70.
Walras, L. 1874. Elements of Pure Economics, translated from the French by W. Jaffé, 1954. London: Allen and Unwin.
Yao, W.J., Kinugasa, T., and Hamori, S. 2013. „An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Economic Development and Population Growth in China.” Applied Economics 45, 4651-61.
Zhang, W.B. 1991. Synergetic Economics. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
Zhang, W.B. 2005. Differential Equations, Bifurcations, and Chaos in Economics. Singapore: World Scientific.
Zhang, W.B. 2005a. Economic Growth Theory. Hampshire: Ashgate.
Zhang, W.B. 2006. Discrete Dynamical Systems, Bifurcations and Chaos in Economics. Elsevier: Amsterdam.
Zhang, W.B. 2017. “Economic Growth and Structural Change – A Synthesis of the Walrasian General Equilibrium, Ricardian Distribution and Neoclassical Growth Theories.” Asian Development Policy Review 5(1): 17-36.

Published

2018-11-25