RAIS Journal for Social Sciences

Front Matter

2025-11-25

RAIS Journal for Social Sciences, Vol. 9, No. 2 | Year 2025

Deepfakes: Unmasking the Technological, Societal, and Ethical Dimensions

Sharon L. BURTON — 2025-11-23

Deepfake technology, enabled by advanced artificial intelligence, is dramatically reshaping the landscape of digital content creation and manipulation. This study investigates how deepfakes impact information authenticity, organizational security, and societal trust, driven by rapid dissemination tools and widespread access to generative AI. The research aims to illuminate the mechanisms and consequences of deepfake proliferation, examining critical sectors such as aviation, healthcare, education, and financial services while highlighting the vulnerabilities exploited by malicious actors. Employing qualitative analysis across documented incidents and industry survey data, the study details attack patterns, detection challenges, and the effectiveness of mitigation strategies utilizing multimodal AI detection systems and regulatory interventions. Results show deepfake technology underpins escalation in fraud, identity theft, and erosion of public confidence in media. At the same time, defensive innovations and policy frameworks demonstrate measurable risk reduction in high-threat environments. In conclusion, the findings underscore the necessity of interdisciplinary collaboration, integrating technical, educational, and governance responses to preserve digital integrity and counter the evolving threat of synthetic media. This article is intended for cybersecurity professionals, policymakers, technology developers, academic researchers, and media organizations seeking to navigate and respond to the complex risks posed by deepfakes. Keywords: Deepfake Technology, Societal Trust, Ethical Implications, AI Detection Systems, Regulatory Frameworks

Mediation Training and Conflict Resolution: A Statistical Case Study of Urban Police Practices

Hieu PHAN — 2025-11-23

The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which a peer mediation and conflict resolution program is associated with behavioral outcomes and disciplinary actions among urban police officers. In a midwestern metropolitan police department, officers lacked structured interventions to address interpersonal conflicts and recurring behavioral issues, often resulting in formal complaints, internal investigations, and disciplinary measures. This study explored contributing factors to repeated misconduct or unprofessional interactions and assessed peer mediation as a potential strategy for improving officer behavior and professional conduct. One underlying issue appeared to be the absence of formalized training in mediation, de-escalation, or interpersonal coping strategies. Officers frequently responded reactively rather than proactively when navigating interpersonal conflicts or high-stress encounters. Participants in the study—officers trained as peer mediators—provided insights into their experiences using conflict resolution strategies as an intervention tool within the department. Through focus groups and reflective interviews, officers shared their involvement in facilitating peer conflict resolution, supporting professional accountability, and promoting leadership through collaborative decision-making. Findings demonstrated that officers who received mediation and conflict resolution training improved their leadership abilities and relationship-building skills. Additionally, participants showed increased knowledge of conflict resolution strategies, which supported: (a) positive behavioral change and reduced incidences of unprofessional conduct, (b) improved collaboration and communication within departmental culture, and (c) a measurable decline in formal disciplinary referrals and internal conflicts. Overall, the study supports the use of peer mediation programs as a proactive, relationship-centered intervention in urban policing environments. Keywords: Mediation Training, Conflict Resolution, Urban Policing, Police Behavior, Peer Mediation, Law Enforcement Training, Officer Conduct, Interpersonal Communication, Professional Development, Workplace Conflict, Behavioral Intervention, Organizational Accountability

Hooverism as a Framework for Understanding the Historical and Unethical Nature of the Use of Artificial Intelligence and Other Surveillance Practices in the United States

Patricia HALEY — 2025-11-23

This conceptual paper presents Hooverism as a theoretical framework to examine the ideological logic, continuity, and evolution of biometric surveillance in the United States. It draws on the political and bureaucratic practices that were institutionalized during J. Edgar Hoover’s tenure as FBI Director of 48 years (1924–1972), spanning the administrations of eight U.S. presidents from Calvin Coolidge to Richard Nixon. Hooverism is defined by a constellation of logics, informational supremacy, loyalty enforcement, racialized control, and bureaucratic secrecy that continue to structure contemporary modes of governance. Rather than offering a purely historical account, this article synthesizes insights from emerging literature in surveillance studies and critical data theory to conceptualize Hooverism as a persistent ideological infrastructure that legitimizes preemptive domestic intelligence and embeds suspicion as a normalized practice within democratic institutions. Through a critical reading of historical precedents alongside modern developments in algorithmic governance, predictive policing, and data-driven social control, the paper traces the ideological thoughts connecting mid-20th-century intelligence practices to today’s public–private surveillance partnerships, immigration enforcement regimes, and AI-based risk assessment systems. In doing so, it positions Hooverism not as an archival curiosity but as a living paradigm, one that continues to shape and justify the defense and the expansion of opaque, machine learning data-driven surveillance programs under the guise of security and order. This paper does not provide definitive empirical conclusions. It acts as a catalyst for strong academic discussion and is intended to motivate future research efforts. By critically analyzing the idea of Hooverism, it thoroughly explores the ethical, political, and technological aspects of biometric surveillance in today’s digital world. It invites scholars and researchers to participate in this intellectually stimulating inquiry, fostering a deeper understanding of the implications and innovations that arise within this complex field. It argues that legislative reforms alone are inadequate to counteract the depth of Hooverist logic. It calls for a multifaceted strategy that embeds strong accountability in public–private data infrastructures, promotes community-centered oversight, implements ethical surveillance auditing, and demands algorithmic transparency based on democratic values. Articulating this conceptual framework, the paper represents an attempt to catalyze scholarly inquiry into how democratic societies might resist governance through suspicion and reclaim surveillance from the logics of fear and control to one of ethical engagement.

A New Model To Explain Engagement, Retention Intentions, and Well-Being Among Generation Z Sales Professionals

Garrett HART — 2025-11-23

Organizations face persistent challenges in sustaining engagement, reducing turnover intentions, and protecting well-being among Generation Z sales professionals working in fast-paced, feedback-intensive settings. This theoretical article proposes the need-supportive exchange coupling model, which integrates self-determination theory's concept of psychological need satisfaction with leader-member exchange as a relational amplifier at the moment of coaching reception. The model explains why identical coaching scripts produce divergent motivational outcomes by specifying how employees interpret the intent of feedback as either informational support or control, contingent on exchange quality and unit communication climate. The framework predicts that need-supportive coaching will enhance autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which in turn will increase engagement, strengthen intentions to remain, and improve well-being, with stronger effects under high-quality leader-member relationships and symmetrical internal communication. The article articulates testable propositions, offers a textual figure of the conceptual model, and presents a propositions table to guide empirical scrutiny. The practical implications of the research are that informational framing, non-punitive debriefs, and communication clarity can be used as levers to convert routine coaching into sustained vitality for Generation Z sales teams. Keywords: Employee Engagement, Generation Z, Leader-Member Exchange, Retention Intentions, Self-Determination Theory, Well-Being

Refining Audience Engagement: Leveraging Text-based Audience Comments as an Evolution Metric in Small 501(c)(3) Advocacy-Focused Nonprofits

Wen Chen DENQ — 2025-11-23

This study examines how small, Los Angeles-based, advocacy-focused nonprofit organizations (NPOs) use Facebook to engage audiences through information sharing, calls for action, and community-building. More importantly, it explores text-based audience comments—a novel metric for measuring audience engagement in social media studies in advocacy-focused nonprofit organizations (advocacy-NPOs). Rather than relying solely on traditional metrics (e.g., frequency of “likes,” “comments,” and “shares” of NPO-generated posts), we analyzed user-generated content such as text-based audience comments to capture nuanced engagement as well as audience preferences and interactions. The findings reveal that NPO-generated posts prioritized Information (92%) and Action (71.3%) categories, with limited focus on the Community. By contrast, text-based audience comments were most common in the Community category (80.3%), with frequent replies to NPOs including expressions of gratitude and demonstrations of support. This discrepancy between NPOs’ organizational posts emphasis on Information and audiences’ preference for community underscores the importance of peer interaction and social bonding as primary motivators for engagement. Additionally, both NPO-generated posts and text-based audience comments contained advocacy-focused content, so this pattern reflects alignment between organizational missions and audience interests. These insights can help advocacy-NPOs develop practical strategies to enhance their social media impact and strengthen audience engagement.

Digital Transformation in a Modern Organization: Opportunities and Challenges

Tinatin ZERAGIA — 2025-11-23

Digital transformation (DT) is a new way for modern organizations to integrate digital technologies into their organizational practices, strategies, and culture. Transformation trends are observable in practices such as the adoption of cloud computing systems, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) across different organizational functions, the Internet of Things (IoT), and the integration of big data analytics, which are used by different types of organizations. All of those practices became critical in organizational development and competitiveness. This research investigates the most current processes and tries to identify opportunities and challenges of DT. The opportunities of DT include enhanced operational efficiency, improved customer experiences, and new business models (Westerman et al., 2014). On the other hand, DT is associated with major challenges, including resistance to change by involved parties, cybersecurity threats, and the need for upskilling existing employees (Bharadwaj et al., 2013). Leadership and top managerial involvement in the process of DT are also important issues; they play a crucial role in guiding organizations through the challenges of digital transformation and ensuring that technology adoption aligns with organizational goals (Jonathan, 2020). The purpose of this paper is to explore opportunities and challenges of digital transformation in modern organizations from a practical perspective and formulate strategic recommendations for successful implementation. The research topic is timely and presents novel findings that add value for both business practitioners and academics in formulating the best strategies to align with successful DT practices, maximize benefits, and handle challenges for the best of organizational performance.

Cybersecurity and Geometric Barriers of Lost History Affecting Underserved African American Communities

Allison FULLWOOD — 2025-11-23

Underserved African American communities continue to face pressing challenges at the intersection of cybersecurity and systemic inequities, compounded by what can be understood as “geometric” barriers—layered, multifaceted obstacles that expand in complexity across social, economic, and technological dimensions. Limited access to affordable, secure digital infrastructure leaves these communities disproportionately vulnerable to cyber threats such as identity theft, data breaches, and online financial exploitation. At the same time, the geometric challenges manifest through overlapping disparities in digital literacy, resource allocation, and institutional support, creating a compounding effect that deepens the digital divide. The combined cybersecurity and geometric challenges not only perpetuate systemic marginalization but also hinder economic mobility, civic engagement, and educational opportunities in a society increasingly reliant on secure digital participation. Addressing these issues requires multidimensional strategies that prioritize equitable access, culturally responsive digital literacy initiatives, and strengthened community-based cybersecurity infrastructures.

Recovery Strategies for Digital Transformation in Small Medical Schools

Carlos Alberto MENDEZ — 2025-11-23

This narrative integrative literature review examined how small independent medical schools, such as Sunny's College of Medicine (SCM), poorly managed their post-pandemic transition from a traditional teaching curriculum into a blended (hybrid) curriculum while skipping readiness assessments, faculty engagement, and governance processes. The purpose is to analyze the governance, faculty engagement, and ethical dilemmas undermining outcomes and propose a recovery roadmap grounded in established change management and digital transformation frameworks. Using targeted search terms, keywords, and Boolean operators across Google Scholar, ProQuest, PubMed, Consensus.ai, and Perplexity.ai, the study identified thirty-six peer-reviewed sources based on relevance, recency, and applicability to higher education and health sciences during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings show that SCM rushed into hybrid adoption without readiness assessments, creating governance gaps, faculty disengagement, and student clinical readiness deficits. Accreditation warnings and donor distrust followed. Applying Saldanha's Five-Stage Model, Kotter's 8-Step Change Model, Basu & Muylle's evaluation metrics, and Hare's ethics checklist provides a framework for recovery. This study highlights an overlooked gap in digital transformation research for small, independent medical schools and contributes a replicable roadmap for stabilizing hybrid models through governance reform, faculty re-engagement, and ethics integration.

Predictive Behavioral Risk Intelligence: An AI Framework for Insider Threat Detection Based on Cognitive and Psychological Indicators

Francis OHU — 2025-11-23

Insider threats account for over 30% of cyber incidents and cost organizations an average of $11.45 million per breach in 2023. Traditional detection systems often fail to anticipate these threats due to their psychological subtlety and contextual complexity. This study introduces the Behavioral Risk Intelligence Model (BRIM), an AI-driven framework that integrates forensic cyberpsychology, machine learning, and behavioral ethics for predictive insider threat detection. Using non-invasive behavioral profiling, BRIM identifies cognitive risk indicators such as digital validation-seeking, identity confusion, and Dark Triad personality traits. A thematic synthesis of 65 peer-reviewed studies reveals strong correlations between insider threats and these indicators, including 68% with validation-seeking, 74% with Dark Triad traits, 52% with identity instability, and 89% with algorithmic reinforcement. The model incorporates the Validation Syndrome Diagnostic Triangle (VSDT) to detect latent intent and emotional drift. By reframing insider threats as developmental and algorithmically conditioned rather than security violations, BRIM offers a proactive, ethically grounded approach to risk mitigation. The study recommends deploying BRIM in AI-powered dashboards for high-risk sectors, emphasizing privacy compliance and ethical surveillance.

Child Labor and Illegal Chemical Pesticide Use in Jalal-Abad, Kyrgyzstan: A List Experiment via Phone Survey

Yoshinari KAJISHITA — 2025-11-23

In rural Kyrgyzstan, it is common for children to help their parents on family farms, a practice often viewed as a way to learn essential life skills. However, concerns are growing over the health risks associated with exposure to chemical pesticides especially illegal ones. Previous studies have mostly used surveys that directly asked respondents about sensitive issues such as child labor and illegal chemical pesticide use, which likely resulted in underreporting because respondents may have been uncomfortable or afraid to answer honestly. To address this, we conducted a phone-based list experiment with farming households in Jalal-Abad, Kyrgyzstan, to obtain more accurate estimates. Results showed that the prevalence of illegal chemical pesticide use was 41.1% according to the list experiment, but only 13.9% by direct questioning—a statistically significant difference of 27.2 percentage points (p = 0.017), indicating substantial underreporting in direct responses. For child labor, the list experiment estimated 29.6%, while direct questioning yielded 46.5%; however, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.10). This likely reflects the fact that child labor is traditionally not regarded as a sensitive issue in this context and is seen as a normal part of rural family life. The high rate of illegal chemical pesticide use, on the other hand, may be related to recent government policy shifts—such as a reduced emphasis on eco-friendly agriculture, and land redistribution programs—which may have decreased farmers’ incentives to comply with environmental regulations. These findings highlight the need for both improved measurement methods and more effective policies to protect children from the risks of illegal chemical pesticide use in rural agricultural communities.

Late Stakeholder Engagement Impacts on Electronic Health Record Transformations within Hospitals and Affiliated Clinics

Samantha THIBODEAU — 2025-11-23

Electronic health records represent a modern clinical tool that can digitize hospital practices and promote interoperability. Xovap Medical, a pseudonym for a clinical system comprising six hospitals and 24 affiliated clinics, failed to digitally transform toward EHR as a result of later stakeholder engagement. Clinical leaders recognize the need for EHR adoption to facilitate high-quality patient care, promote diagnosis accuracy, and modernize outdated workflows. A narrative literature review was conducted to understand successful strategies for EHR adoption when engaging stakeholders and the risks associated with late engagement. The review suggests early stakeholder engagement as a critical component in successful EHR transformations. The findings suggest leaders must engage physicians to help select EHR tools, utilize physician knowledge to inform training, promote feedback cycles that help sustain EHR adoption, and build trust that the EHR provides high-quality patient care through involvement in the adoption process.

Archiving Absence: Instagram and the Diasporic Genius Loci of the Sindhi Hindu Community

Chandni JESWANI — 2025-11-23

This paper examines how the Sindhi Hindu community, displaced after the 1947 Partition of India, sustains its cultural identity and memory despite lacking a physical homeland, state-sponsored archives, or traditional monuments. It introduces the concept of a "diasporic genius loci," arguing that the "spirit of place" is maintained not through physical territory but through affective and aesthetic repetition, primarily via digital media like Instagram. Drawing on critical visual studies, memory theory, and digital ethnography, the study positions Instagram as a "prosthetic geography" and a "quiet archive" where fragmented cultural elements—such as ritual gestures, culinary traditions, and linguistic nuances—are reassembled and circulated. The paper analyzes how user-generated content, including food videos, devotional reels, and personal narratives, functions as a vernacular, participatory, and emotionally charged repository, enabling mnemonic reconstruction and fostering belonging without a fixed geographical anchor. It challenges traditional understandings of heritage tied to material permanence, demonstrating that cultural continuity for the Sindhi Hindu diaspora thrives through distributed, everyday digital practices and the "aesthetic recursion" of memory. While acknowledging potential drawbacks of this platform, the study ultimately posits Instagram as a foundational, rather than auxiliary, site for cultural survival, where repetition and resonance generate a living, non-territorial sense of place.

Applying Theology in a Modern-Day World: The African American Church and Public Engagement

William TRIPLETT — 2025-11-23

The paper addresses how theology, especially in the African American church, can serve as a driver of active public participation and social change in the modern world. Historically, the African American church has been more than a place of worship; it has been a moral guiding light, a cultural touchstone, a point of communal advocacy. Continuing with this trend, the research focuses on the manner in which theological beliefs are adapted to the contemporary needs that are acutely relevant, such as social justice, ethical lifestyles, and interreligious cooperation. Through historical examination and contemporary illustrations, the study shows that the church has a special ability to affect both spiritual development and civil duty. In today’s context, theology is spiritually and sectionally cross-ecclesial in that it draws immediate attention to matters of systemic racism, the multifaceted nature of digital culture, environmental stewardship, and the growing inequality of wealth. These struggles underscore the continuing relevance and importance of theology in its dual roles as a philosophical and moral framework, and as a framework for ethically transformative action. The results qualify the African American church as a real-life example of practical theology, which demonstrates that faith-driven values can promote resiliency, righteousness, and community well-being. Finally, the paper suggests that theology, as a part of community life, is, by itself, capable of providing not only ethical discourse but also the means of empowering the populace to meet the challenges of the fast-developing global world.

Dynamic Modulation of Imperceptible Risks: Theoretical Foundations and a Rheostat Analogy

Laura A. JONES — 2025-11-23

This concept paper advances theoretical understanding of imperceptible risk dynamics by conceptualizing risk modulation through a rheostat-inspired lens, addressing the complex interplay between latent risk vectors and organizational vulnerability. Despite increasing sophistication in risk governance, conventional frameworks often fail to adequately capture gradual or low-velocity risks that silently accumulate and evade early detection, ultimately undermining strategic resilience. By synthesizing principles from adaptive systems theory and risk velocity research, the study introduces a novel analogy wherein risk exposure and aligned responses are continuously modulated in response to evolving internal and external stimuli, akin to the subtle, regulator-like function of a rheostat. The theoretical foundations laid herein interrogate prevailing risk taxonomies, articulate the shortcomings of static assessment approaches, and propose actionable insights for both researchers and risk practitioners. Designed for an interdisciplinary audience at the nexus of risk management, organizational science, and cybersecurity, this work invites critical reflection on dynamic measurement, anticipatory governance, and the future of imperceptible risk intervention.

How Junk Food Ads Are Making Children Unhealthy and Hurting Our Future

Benjamin CHA — 2025-11-23

Childhood obesity has emerged as a significant health concern. It is a problem that goes beyond children eating too much and not exercising. Aggressive marketing techniques by food and beverage companies that target children through their ads promoting snacks and drinks rich in sugar, salt, and fat are considered one of the most significant contributors to this epidemic. These ads infiltrate every sphere of life—appearing on TV, social media, video games, and many other places—affecting children at a young, formative age. The inconvenience is that children develop their eating habits at a very young age, and the continuous exposure to unhealthy food marketing creates preferences that persist into adulthood, increasing the risk of developing conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer. The long-term effects of the increased rates of childhood obesity are dire, both for individuals and the entire healthcare system. The rising prevalence of obesity or overweight among more children increases their risk of developing health issues due to obesity in the future. This tendency significantly burdens the healthcare system, causing a surge in demand for medical services, greater expenditures on medical treatments, and further overloading healthcare specialists. The health costs associated with the diseases caused by obesity are already being experienced, with billions spent annually on treating preventable diseases due to eating habits and lifestyle choices. This paper examines the influence that marketing has on children's eating behaviors and its direct correlation with childhood obesity. It analyses the impact that food and drink adverts have on preference towards unhealthy food in children, thereby complicating healthy food choices among children. Moreover, the paper explores the broader implications of these unhealthy dietary habits, not only for personal health but also for public health and the economy in general. Lastly, the paper provides some recommendations and measures in the form of policy that can be implemented to prevent the spread of the growing obesity epidemic and help future generations by limiting how food is marketed to children and encouraging healthier food choices.

From Courtrooms to Community Programs: Assessing Juvenile Diversion Effectiveness in Cuyahoga County

Hieu PHAN — 2025-11-23

This study employed a data-driven analysis to examine juvenile diversion programs designed to redirect adolescents from formal court adjudication toward rehabilitation-oriented interventions. Such programs offer a potential mechanism for reducing recidivism and improving long-term outcomes among at-risk youth. The research specifically evaluated the effectiveness of Cuyahoga County’s Phoenix Court–Behavioral Health Juvenile Justice (BHJJ) diversion initiative by comparing participant outcomes to those of similarly situated adolescents processed through conventional juvenile justice pathways, including probation and secure detention. The Phoenix Court–BHJJ program serves probationary youth presenting with mental health or substance use disorders who are identified as being at elevated risk for reoffending. Rather than utilizing custodial sanctions, the program facilitates engagement with community-based treatment and support networks. Participants are required to attend regular court hearings, engage in weekly therapeutic sessions, and maintain ongoing communication with a court-appointed coordinator. Progress is systematically monitored through a structured framework of incentives and sanctions, with the overarching objective of fostering behavioral stability, addressing individualized needs, and mitigating future justice system involvement. Methodologically, the study applied a case study approach to assess program completion rates, recidivism rates, and additional performance metrics indicative of program efficacy. A comparative analysis was conducted between BHJJ participants and a matched nonparticipant cohort to evaluate differential outcomes. The results of this investigation aim to contribute to the empirical literature on diversion-based interventions, provide evidence-based insights into their rehabilitative impact, and inform policy discourse surrounding the integration of alternative, treatment-focused strategies within juvenile justice reform.

A Critical Analysis of the Political Binary Affecting Social Media Amongst Youth in Artificial Intelligence

Eugene J. LEWIS — 2025-11-23

The political binary affecting social media amongst youth in the era of Artificial Intelligence (AI) reflects a growing divide shaped by algorithmic filtering, content personalization, and digital echo chambers. Social media platforms, empowered by AI-driven recommendation systems, often reinforce pre-existing political leanings, polarizing young users into distinct ideological camps. This dynamic not only influences civic engagement but also reshapes the way youth perceive truth, authority, and collective identity in the digital sphere. As AI amplifies biases through targeted content and misinformation, it fosters a climate of heightened division, where political discourse becomes less about dialogue and more about reaffirmation of group identities. Understanding this intersection between AI, youth engagement, and political binary is critical for addressing democratic challenges, fostering digital literacy, and promoting equitable participation in the evolving socio-political landscape.

Feedback Dynamics and Organizational Citizenship: Integrating Self-Determination Theory with Systems Thinking

Garrett HART — 2025-11-23

Feedback processes and motivational dynamics shape whether employees will willingly exceed formal role requirements. Building on self-determination theory, we argue that feedback that satisfies the need for autonomy, competence, and relatedness increases intrinsic motivation. Systems thinking explains how feedback loops influence motivation by reinforcing or balancing cycles. We integrate these perspectives to advance a dual‑spiral model in which autonomy‑supportive feedback initiates upward need satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior loops, and controlling feedback initiates downward need frustration and withdrawal loops. A synthesis of onboarding, communication, and sales coaching studies illustrates how leadership style, communication symmetry, and structural support moderate loop strength and reveal actionable leverage points for practice. The resulting propositions provide scholars with a testable framework and offer organizations a blueprint for designing ethically grounded, high-engagement feedback systems that sustain discretionary effort.

Household Waste Management in Rajshahi City Corporation: A Review on Contemporary Research

Moinul Islam MINU — 2025-11-23

In Bangladesh, household solid waste is a major contributor to environmental pollution, driven by rapid population growth and inefficient management systems. Given the complexity of solid waste management, the performance of individual components—such as solid waste generation, collection, and disposal—significantly influences overall system efficiency. This study aims to propose an optimized and integrated household solid waste management system through a systematic literature review, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Out of an initial pool of 613 peer-reviewed research articles published since 2020, 145 were selected based on their relevance to household waste management, with particular focus on Bangladesh and, more specifically, the Rajshahi City Corporation. This review highlights the current state of household waste practices in the region and explores strategies for efficient waste minimization and resource recovery with the aim of achieving economic benefit. This review underscores the potential for converting household solid waste into renewable resources or energy through anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis, gasification, and incineration by the use of modern transportation technology. These inbound technologies offer promising pathways toward sustainable waste-to-resource solutions for the city of Rajshahi and similar urban entities.

Forensic Cyberpsychology Strategies for Integrating AI Ethics and Digital Citizenship into STEM Pedagogy for Adolescents in Diverse K-12 Classrooms

Francis C. OHU — 2025-11-23

The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) in education and digital platforms has created new ethical and psychological challenges for adolescents, particularly in diverse learning environments. This study investigates how AI ethics and digital citizenship can be effectively embedded into the grades kindergarten through 12th grade (K-12), Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) curricula to support moral reasoning, identity development, and digital agency. Using a forensic cyberpsychology lens, the study analyzes adolescent behavior in response to algorithmic influence, digital surveillance, and identity shaping within AI-powered systems. A qualitative meta-synthesis of 68 peer-reviewed empirical studies published between 2024 and 2025 revealed that embedding ethical dilemmas into STEM lessons, such as bias in facial recognition or predictive policing, enhanced moral reasoning and engagement, especially among underrepresented students. Approximately 70% of included studies reported improvements in critical thinking and STEM motivation when instruction addressed psychological and justice-oriented concerns. Drawing on forensic cyberpsychology frameworks, the study highlights how validation-seeking behaviors and surveillance anxiety mimic the manipulative logic of cyber operations, positioning students as both targets and agents within digital ecosystems. The findings support the integration of culturally responsive pedagogy, digital ethics, and behavioral risk analysis in adolescent STEM education. Key implications include the design of inclusive, psychologically grounded STEM curricula and cross-sector collaboration to promote ethical awareness, digital resilience, and equitable innovation in AI-driven education.

Telehealth-Only Reproductive Care: Equity, Leadership, and Security Challenges for ViraWell Health Solutions

Daphnee LABIDOU-WEST — 2025-11-23

Digital transformation is reshaping healthcare delivery, yet many providers struggle to align digital strategy with leadership and organizational culture. This paper examines ViraWell’s transition to an all-virtual reproductive healthcare model to explore how technology, compliance, and ethical leadership intersect to shape patient and employee experiences. Using the Balanced Scorecard and Kotter’s 8-Step Change Model as guiding frameworks, the study connects digital implementation to measurable outcomes in quality, culture, and equity. Findings emphasize that successful telehealth transformation requires more than technological innovation; it demands adaptive leadership, inclusive communication, and attention to human-centered values. The paper concludes by offering recommendations for fostering sustainability, equity, and trust in future digital healthcare initiatives.

A Review of Pilot Attention Needs and Issues During Flight

Lucas ZARLENGO — 2025-11-23

Automation has been a norm for commercial air travel for many decades, including the first automatic landing by Pan Am in the 1960s. Unfortunately, with automation comes less manual operation, or hand-flying, by pilots. Although this development appears beneficial to both pilots and aviation safety, it has sometimes led to overtrust of the systems, resulting in preventable accidents. It also means pilots may become bored with their jobs and stop using their skills. This loss of skill may result in either unsafe activities or loss of attention. The literature review indicates that automation can lead to less attention, unrelated thoughts, and increased errors. When automation is used, more direct interaction between pilots and the plane, such as occasional manual operation, is recommended to assist with task focus. This inquiry serves as a cautionary example of how automation, while beneficial, can lead to unintended consequences such as skill degradation, over-reliance on technology, disengagement, and error-prone environments. In business, fostering a balance between automation and human involvement is crucial for maintaining performance, attention, and engagement, ensuring employees and systems operate optimally.

Philosophical Reflections on the Existence and Presence of God Today

Florin LUDUȘAN — 2025-11-23

In the Judeo-Christian-Islamic tradition, God is regarded as the creator, ruler, and redeemer of the world and of humanity. Almighty God suffers when His people suffer and ensures that those who worship Him and obey His commandments have their desires fulfilled. This representation of God, which comes to us from the depths of Judaism, was called into question in the most dramatic way by the Jewish Holocaust. The God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob,—whom the Jews had worshiped since their exodus from Mesopotamia and their settlement in the land of Canaan, and who so often helped the Jews—appeared to stand aside during one of the most cruel moments in their history and in that of the civilized world: the time when they were being "industrially" exterminated. The study will review the concept of God's existence through the lens of various philosophical thoughts and monotheistic religions—Judaism, Christianity, and Islam—culminating in developments in thinking about God in modern culture.

Beyond Laziness: A Psychological and Cross-Cultural Study of Procrastination

Athanasia ZERVOS — 2025-11-23

Procrastination is the act of unnecessarily and intentionally postponing tasks even though it will create negative consequences. It is often influenced by temporal discounting or the tendency to devalue future benefits when immediate rewards are available. Unlike laziness, which is characterized by a lack of initiative and ambition, procrastination involves feeling motivated but failing to act on that motivation due to a failure of self-regulation. It can happen for academic, occupational, or interpersonal reasons and may disrupt the daily functioning of individuals globally. This paper will examine the significant psychological factors that drive procrastination. Studies have shown that specific personality traits from the Big Five model and procrastination have a strong correlation, with a particular emphasis on traits such as conscientiousness and neuroticism (Hidalgo-Fuentes et al., 2024). Through further research, it has additionally been found that negative emotions, especially common among those with mental health disorders, are linked to procrastinatory behavior. People with internalizing and neurodevelopmental disorders often experience excessive negative emotions, low self-esteem, or impulsivity, each of which contributes significantly to procrastination. Understanding the severity and complexity of the factors that trigger procrastination can make it easier to overcome the detrimental behavior. Rather than simply a time-management issue, procrastination is a psychological response that differs among individuals based on personality traits and mental health disorders. This paper aims to compare procrastination levels across individuals from diverse cultures, environments, and mental health states to understand the primary causes of procrastination.

Toward Net Zero CSO: Designing a Real-Time Metrics Dashboard for Gowanus

Mark YARISH — 2025-11-23

An equity-oriented monitoring framework is introduced to track Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs) in Brooklyn’s Gowanus Canal, where legacy infrastructure and redevelopment pressures converge to shape flood and pollution dynamics. Unlike existing stormwater dashboards, this framework unites permit-level regulatory data with spatial equity analytics to enhance transparency and environmental justice. The CSO Metrics Dashboard integrates regulatory data, rainfall observations, and calibrated simulations using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Storm Water Management Model (EPA SWMM) to evaluate stormwater system performance under New York City’s Unified Stormwater Rule (USWR). Grounded in the Gowanus Points of Agreement, the framework operationalizes transparency and accountability through open data publication, participatory review, and geospatial visualization. It synthesizes Site Connection Proposal (SCP) permits, State Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (SPDES) reports, and SWMM outputs to quantify overflow behavior and clarify infrastructure accountability across the sewershed. Linking environmental data with demographic and spatial equity indicators at the census block-group scale, the dashboard identifies disparities in exposure and resilience among neighborhoods. Preliminary model validation indicates event classification accuracy within ±10% of SPDES baselines. Ultimately, the framework advances participatory oversight and adaptive stormwater management, offering a transferable model for cities seeking transparent, data-driven, and equitable governance to achieve Net-Zero CSO outcomes.

The Cyberpsychology and Criminal Psychology of Cyber Identity Theft and Criminal Reach in the Digital Era

Darrell Norman BURREL — 2025-11-23

Identity theft has emerged as a psychologically consequential form of cybercrime enabled by the proliferation of digital platforms, the expansion of datafication, and the collapse of traditional criminal–victim proximity. As personal identity becomes increasingly externalized through financial accounts, medical records, biometric templates, and algorithmically curated social profiles, offenders exploit cognitive biases, disclosure fatigue, and habituated oversharing to acquire and weaponize personal information. Criminal psychology research demonstrates that social engineering, authority mimicry, and emotional urgency manipulate victims into bypassing rational scrutiny, while cyberpsychology highlights the affective attachment individuals form with their digital representations. Unlike conventional theft, in which tangible objects are removed, identity theft appropriates informational components of the self, enabling prolonged impersonation, reputational distortion, and chronic anxiety that cannot be readily restored. Geographic detachment, encrypted communication channels, and anonymizing technologies reduce offenders’ perceived accountability, encouraged moral disengagement and facilitating mass victimization at minimal personal risk. Victims, confronted with unauthorized transactions or corrupted medical histories, report hypervigilance, loss of digital agency, and destabilization of narrative coherence. Emerging technologies, including Internet of Things devices, deepfake media, decentralized finance, and eventually quantum computing, further expand the attack surface and amplify criminogenic opportunity structures. Meanwhile, jurisdictional fragmentation complicates forensic attribution and legal recourse. Collectively, these developments reveal that traditional, place-based models of personal security are insufficient in networked environments. Safeguarding informational sovereignty requires interdisciplinary approaches that integrate behavioral criminology, cognitive vulnerability assessment, cyberpsychological resilience, and international policy coordination. Understanding identity theft as an ontological, relational, and psychologically persistent violation offers critical insight for prevention, victim support, and regulatory design in the digital epoch.

Bias, Misuse, and Accountability in Facial Recognition Technology: Ethical, Legal, and Organizational Imperatives in the Age of Reverse Image Search

Lord DORDUNOO — 2025-11-23

Facial recognition technology (FRT) has become an increasingly pervasive tool in law enforcement, immigration control, and commercial applications, yet its adoption raises pressing ethical, legal, and organizational concerns. Numerous studies have documented significant racial and gender biases in algorithmic performance, resulting in disproportionate misidentifications of minority groups and undermining public trust in technology-driven security solutions. Beyond technical shortcomings, the misuse of reverse image search applications, such as the use of PimEyes and or TinEye to dox immigration officers, has exacerbated the risks by weaponizing digital tools in ways that amplify existing societal tensions. This paper critically examines how the intersection of algorithmic bias and misuse of search technologies creates a compounded civil rights crisis, threatening constitutional protections, organizational legitimacy, and consumer trust. Drawing on recent policy reports, case studies, and scholarly literature, the study argues for a multi-stakeholder corrective framework emphasizing bias audits, inclusive dataset design, stronger regulatory oversight, and organizational accountability. By addressing these systemic deficiencies, stakeholders can simultaneously improve the accuracy of FRT, safeguard civil liberties, and foster inclusive innovation that builds sustainable trust in emerging technologies.

The Momentum Model: Self-Efficacy as the Equalizer of Success

Khadijah BROWN — 2025-11-23

This article presents the Momentum Model, a framework that translates self-efficacy, the belief in one’s ability to influence outcomes, into sustained action. Grounded in Bandura’s social cognitive theory and informed by practitioner evidence from the Excellence Institute Summer Bridge Program and interdisciplinary coursework, the model operationalizes belief through four movements: Awareness, Alignment, Action, and Advancement. The approach reconceptualizes confidence as a renewable resource and reframes retention and persistence programming as psychological processes rather than institutional outcomes. Evidence from applied contexts indicates increases in students’ confidence, goal clarity, and persistence behaviors. The model contributes a practical methodology for embedding belief-building practices into curriculum, advising, and mentoring, thereby translating internal belief into measurable performance. The paper also outlines limitations and future directions, recommending longitudinal and mixed-method designs to test durability across settings and populations.

Navigating Organizational Excellence in the Post COVID-19 Era: A Prescriptive Analysis of Senge’s Five Disciplines for Maintaining Organizational Sustainability and Creating Adaptive Learning Systems

Amina AYODEJI-OGUNDIRAN — 2025-11-23

This study uses a multiple case study analysis to explore common themes in challenges that organizations encountered during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study suggests that organization’s reactive culture to adapting to change and staying afloat in turbulent times is not sustainable, causing strains across different organizational functions. Some common themes identified from the case studies include reactive cultures, social and psychosocial challenges, operational challenges as well as non-preparedness for change. There were also challenges in work-life balance, as employees had to quickly adapt to a totally different work mode with little to no training; changes in technological applications, as well as employee exhaustion and lack of motivation. The study further proposes an applicable model of organizational change as a helpful tool to aid organizations better manage change. Senge’s Five Disciplines are put forward as a prescriptive model to support organizations through change and adopt a proactive, rather than reactive approach for sustainable organizational growth.

Teaching Organizations about the Complex Social Challenges of Workers with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in the Workplace

KerriLaine PRUNELLA — 2025-11-23

Adults with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are underserved in organizational cultures that lack the competence to provide equitable social and organizational support. Within organizational cultures there is a misunderstanding of invisible disabilities like ADHD that are stigmatized, lack inclusion and support to thrive in the workplace. The purpose of this study is to discover equitable practices in the workplace by exploring lived experiences of employees with ADHD in order to address the gap between inclusion and psychological safety. An inquiry narrative study explores the lived experiences of adults with ADHD through storytelling. The study is composed of 10 participants (5 men, 5 women) who were interviewed with open-ended questions that brought deeper understanding of how they perceive themselves in relation to the world within the workplace. A cross-case analysis approach identified common themes among the participants’ shared experiences. Additionally, the qualitative data collected was further studied with a constant comparative method for an in-depth understanding of the common themes collected from the interviews. As an invisible disability, ADHD is often misunderstood, impacting employees' sense of inclusivity, psychological security and support, posing barriers of stigmatization, social and organizational support, as well as disclosure. This study emphasizes the impact on underserved employees with ADHD whose psychological security is impacted; therefore, costing them consistency and productivity in the workplace. Organizations should consider reframing benefits, communication methods, equitable training models, and policies that support invisible disabilities like ADHD, restoring employees’ dignity and improving productivity.

Diplomacy of the European Union: The Impact of Cultural Diversity on External Trade Strategies

Iulia-Theodora PETCU — 2025-11-23

This study examined how cultural diversity shaped the European Union’s external trade strategies between 2007 and 2025. It analyzed official EU policy frameworks, trade agreements, and reports in which cultural and creative dimensions intersected with trade provisions. Using qualitative document analysis, the research identified patterns through which culture functioned as an operational rather than symbolic factor in trade diplomacy. Findings showed that cultural cooperation strengthened negotiation environments, fostered mutual trust, and supported regulatory convergence with partners such as Japan, Mercosur, and African states. Cultural diversity operated as both a resource and a mediator—enhancing soft power, promoting institutional coherence, and improving the legitimacy of the EU’s market actions abroad. The study concluded that integrating cultural diplomacy into trade frameworks enabled the EU to combine normative influence with economic pragmatism. This approach positioned cultural diversity as a strategic driver of global competitiveness and a cornerstone of an adaptive, inclusive European trade identity.

Artificial Intelligence and Medicine in the Old Continent: How Europe is Trying to Define an Ethical Application of this New Technology

Emanuela MIDOLO — 2025-11-23

Artificial Intelligence is a powerful and transformative force in medicine, offering unprecedented capabilities in diagnostics, drug discovery, and patient care. However, this transformation is not without significant challenges. The AI-driven paradigm introduces complex ethical and systemic risks, including privacy vulnerabilities amplified by the perpetuation of health inequities through algorithmic bias, and the erosion of trust and professional competence due to opaque "black box" systems. The current regulatory and governance landscape in Europe is in a state of flux, attempting to manage a fast-moving technology with traditional frameworks not designed for its iterative nature. The authors, in this work, aim to define an ethical and legal common framework to support the ethical application of AI in the field of medicine.

Healthcare Operations Digital Transformations in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)

Quatavia MCLESTER — 2025-11-23

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy organizations are increasingly transitioning from traditional, in-person service models to digitally mediated telehealth systems; however, this shift introduces complex operational, cultural, and ethical challenges. While telehealth offers opportunities to expand access to behavioral health services for bilingual and culturally diverse communities, many ABA providers lack the organizational development expertise, technological literacy, and strategic business competencies necessary for the sustainable implementation of these services. This qualitative study examines the organizational readiness, data protection practices, workforce preparedness, and caregiver engagement factors that influence telehealth adoption through semi-structured interviews with fifteen participants, including telehealth experts, ABA clinicians, and certified organizational development professionals. Findings highlight barriers related to fragmented digital workflows, privacy concerns surrounding sensitive behavioral data, and disparities in access to technology and trust among multilingual families. Insights emphasize the need for interoperable data systems, culturally responsive engagement strategies, and comprehensive professional development to preserve treatment fidelity. Results inform actionable recommendations to support the creation of equitable, secure, and resilient telehealth ecosystems that can meet evolving payer expectations, mitigate systemic disparities, and enhance patient satisfaction in a competitive behavioral healthcare marketplace.

A Comparative Study of Financial Literacy, Financial Resilience, and Mental Well-Being among Working Women in Tier 1 and Tier 2 Cities of India

Arunima SINGH — 2025-11-23

This research paper presents a comprehensive theoretical comparative study on the financial literacy, financial resilience, and mental well-being of working women in Tier 1 and Tier 2 cities of India. The introduction sets the stage by talking about women's growing economic roles and the fact that there are still differences between urban tiers. The problem statement highlights unequal access to financial knowledge and mental wellness resources between Tier 1 and Tier 2 urban women, motivating this study’s focus. The research methodology is based on secondary data synthesis and literature review of studies published from 2021 to 2025, integrating policy reports, empirical evidence, and theoretical models to frame the constructs and urban comparisons. The literature review synthesises recent findings, indicating that, although financial literacy programmes and digital inclusion initiatives have progressed in Tier 1 cities, socio-cultural constraints and digital divides hinder their effectiveness in Tier 2 cities. Financial resilience is higher in Tier 1 women, supported by insurance and fintech tools, whereas Tier 2 women rely more on informal safety nets yet face greater pandemic-induced vulnerabilities. Mental well-being studies show that stress at work and gendered burdens affect women more in Tier 2 settings, connecting financial insecurity to mental distress. The theoretical framework conceptualises financial literacy as the foundational enabler of resilience, which mediates mental well-being, moderated by gender norms, urban infrastructure, and socio-economic status. The comparative discussion highlights the urban tier disparities in literacy uptake, resilience capacity, and mental health supports, calling for context-sensitive empowerment strategies. The conclusion emphasises inclusive financial policies that incorporate mental health supports and gender equity measures, especially those targeting Tier 2 challenges. It also recommends empirical studies to evaluate digital literacy impacts, longitudinal mental health-finance links, and sociocultural moderating effects. This paper contributes to scholarly discourse by advancing a nuanced, integrative model of women’s financial and psychological empowerment across India’s urban spectrum, offering practical tips for researchers and policymakers alike.

Bridging the IT Value Gap: A Narrative Review and Research Agenda for Customer-Centric IT Business Value

Nathaniel MOSASO — 2025-11-23

Research on information technology business value (ITBV) has long emphasized firm-level assessments grounded in accounting metrics, productivity models, and systems-focused frameworks. While these approaches provide important insights into the organizational impacts of IT, such as efficiency, innovation, and competitive advantages, they predominantly reflect an internal perspective that overlooks the customer-mediated dimensions of value creation. Recent scholarship argues that ITBV must be understood not only through internal process improvements but also through customers’ perceptions, experiences, and willingness to pay. These external indicators better capture the relational and experiential outcomes increasingly central to digital-era business performance. The literature further highlights the role of complementary resources, environmental factors, and specific IT capabilities in shaping ITBV, yet these considerations alone remain insufficient for capturing how value materializes across stakeholder domains. This narrative review synthesizes the evolution of ITBV research and identifies significant gaps related to the limited use of intangible, non-financial, and customer-centric metrics. The findings underscore the need for more holistic assessment models that integrate firm-level and customer-level indicators and emphasize experiential value delivered through IT-enabled services. The review concludes by calling for empirical research that leverages subjective customer data, explores willingness-to-pay metrics, and examines the indirect pathways through which IT capabilities shape market outcomes and long-term competitive advantage.

Fractured Education Forges Fractured Citizens. A Theoretical Approach to the Competing Pedagogies of Civic Formation

Ciprian SIMUȚ — 2025-11-23

This article attempts to describe a theoretical problem from a less definitive and more brainstorming-oriented perspective. The theoretical problem it engages can be posed as a question: Why do investments in formal civic education seem to have little effect on the actual health of a community or even the polis? The straightforward argument is that school, in its formal outline, is not, and it was never the primary forge where the citizen is trained. The influence of formal education can be overestimated, sometimes to a greater extent than it should be, whereas its power is entirely contingent on a much larger, more powerful pedagogical ecosystem that also contains the community and the family. The article does not aim to devalue formal education, but rather to describe ways of integrating the pedagogical ecosystem into the forging of citizens within this formal educational system. The article proposes a brainstorming format, where questions abound, making the interaction more direct but significantly shorter. In this case, the bibliographical sources informed the ideas presented here rather than supporting them.

Negotiating Sovereignty in the Postcolonial Caribbean

Dana-Marie RAMJIT — 2025-11-23

The Caribbean continues to navigate the legacies of colonialism amid contemporary challenges of governance, development, and sovereignty. Despite formal independence, many states retain centralized, hierarchical structures inherited from colonial rule, constraining participatory mechanisms and complicating relations with civil society. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have emerged as pivotal actors in addressing social, environmental, and developmental needs, yet they operate within fragmented legal frameworks, uncertain funding environments, and politically mediated contexts. This analysis synthesizes historical, theoretical, and empirical scholarship to examine how postcolonial legacies and postinternational dynamics shape NGO–state interactions across the region. Analytical coding of scholarly and policy sources identified themes of negotiated sovereignty, civil society capacity, and collaborative resilience. Findings reveal that NGOs not only fill governance gaps but also redefine sovereignty as a networked and negotiated process, particularly in disaster response, gender justice, and transparency initiatives. These insights accentuate the potential of integrating NGOs into formal governance systems, offering actionable guidance for policymakers, civil society leaders, and development practitioners seeking inclusive, accountable, and adaptive governance in small island states.

AI – Next RAG Frontier: Self-Improving Retrieval v Unifying Explicit and Implicit User Signals

Sarthak BHATT — 2025-11-25

This paper introduces FeedbackRAG, a model-agnostic framework that enhances Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) quality through continuous user feedback. The system integrates explicit signals such as helpfulness ratings and hallucination flags with implicit sentiment-based cues derived from chat interactions. A three-loop mechanism drives improvement, where Loop A applies real-time bias updates to retrieved chunks using a decay-weighted confidence model; next Loop B aggregates feedback to train a reranker and fine-tune embeddings through contrastive learning; and Loop C governs the generator by tightening prompts or abstaining when hallucination risks are detected. The framework supports any embedding–LLM combination; in our experiments we employ All-MiniLM for retrieval and Claude for generation. Results show that unified explicit-implicit feedback significantly improves retrieval relevance, citation precision, and factual accuracy, establishing FeedbackRAG as a scalable approach for self-improving, human-aligned RAG systems.

Interoperability as a Decision Variable in Cyber Threat Intelligence Adoption: A Conceptual Synthesis of Technology Adoption Models

Marlon TAYLOR — 2025-11-25

Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) adoption is essential for strengthening organizational cybersecurity, yet decision-makers continue to struggle with selecting and integrating CTI solutions that ensure effective interoperability. This narrative literature review synthesizes current research across decision-making theory, interoperability studies, technology adoption models, and CTI-sharing frameworks to identify the factors shaping CTI adoption in practice. Findings show that bounded rationality and cognitive overload influence how organizations evaluate CTI technologies, while compatibility and integration feasibility consistently emerge as dominant adoption determinants. A comparative analysis of DOI, TOE, TAM, TTF, and UTAUT indicates that these models provide valuable but incomplete perspectives on CTI contexts, particularly in addressing interoperability’s central role. The review highlights critical gaps in existing theoretical frameworks and offers targeted directions for future qualitative research to better understand how interoperability informs cybersecurity decision-making and CTI implementation. Keywords: Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI), Interoperability, Decision-Making, Bounded Rationality, Technology Adoption, Diffusion Of Innovation (DOI), Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE), Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Unified Theory Of Acceptance And Use Of Technology (UTAUT), Task–Technology Fit (TTF), Cybersecurity, Information Systems

Responsible & Ethical AI Utilization in Social Determinants of Health

Paige COLEMAN — 2025-11-25

Abstract: The impact of SDoH (Social Determinants of Health) on population health in general is a significant area of concentration. There are biased determinants and there are risk determinants, which are not always very prominent. The utilization of Responsible AI allows us to deal with the aforementioned for the decision makers to pinpoint the lacks/gaps in healthcare provision. It is vital to provide relevant resources to the people who might have the resources, however, the required ones are not given priority. By doing this provision, the service providers include the whole care continuum. This research is beneficial for CMS (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services), as well as for standard population health. Our research, presented in this paper, shows tangible results. We have found in the application of AI/ML in the vast arena of SDoH. The application of Healable AI provides the insightful decision making for the associated stakeholders with the healthcare spectrum. Keywords: AI, Healable, Healthcare, ML, SDoH

Artificial Intelligence in Business Operations: Functional Application and Managerial Transformation

Maria ARKANIA — 2025-11-25

This paper examines the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) in modern business operations, analyzing its functional applications and consequent managerial implications. Through a theoretical and documentary analysis, the study demonstrates that AI technologies—such as robotic process automation, predictive analytics, and natural language processing—fundamentally optimize decision-making and enhance operational efficiency. Furthermore, the research argues that AI's influence extends beyond technological adoption, driving a managerial revolution that redefines leadership roles, necessitates data-driven strategic planning, and transforms human resource practices. The research further contextualizes these global trends within the specific emerging market landscape of Georgia, identifying a unique combination of adoption challenges and leapfrogging potential. While case-based evidence from the literature indicates significant performance and cultural shifts, the findings suggest that successful AI implementation requires a holistic realignment of strategy, skill development, and ethical governance. The study concludes that AI is not merely a tool but a transformative force demanding new leadership models for sustainable success in the digital era. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Business Operations, Digital Transformation, Managerial Innovation, Process Automation, Decision-Making, Organizational Change, Leadership Adaptability, AI Ethics, Georgia